May 17, 2021 Journal article Open Access

Marco Vighi; Javier Bayo; Francisca Fernández-Piñas; Jesús Gago; May Gómez; Javier Hernández-Borges; Alicia Herrera; Junkal Landaburu; Soledad Muniategui-Lorenzo; Antonio-Román Muñoz; Andreu Rico; Cristina Romera-Castillo; Lucía Viñas; Roberto Rosal

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{
  "description": "<p>Plastic litter dispersed in the different environmental compartments represents one of the most concerning problems associated with human activities. Specifically, plastic particles in the micro and nano size scale are ubiquitous and represent a threat to human health and the environment. In the last few decades, a huge amount of research has been devoted to evaluating several aspects of micro/nanoplastic contamination: origin and emissions, presence in different compartments, environmental fate, effects on human health and the environment, transfer in the food web and the role of associated chemicals and microorganisms. Nevertheless, despite the bulk of information produced, several knowledge gaps still exist. The objective of this paper is to highlight the most important of these knowledge gaps and to provide suggestions for the main research needs required to describe and understand the most controversial points to better orient the research efforts for the near future. Some of the major issues that need further efforts to improve our knowledge on the exposure, effects and risk of micro/nano-plastics are: harmonization of sampling procedures; development of more accurate, less expensive and less time consuming analytical methods; assessment of degradation patterns and environmental fate of fragments; evaluating the capabilities for bioaccumulation and transfer to the food web; and evaluating the fate and the impact of chemicals and microorganisms associated with micro/nano-plastics. The major gaps in all sectors of our knowledge, from exposure to potentially harmful effects, refer to small size microplastics and, particularly, to the occurrence, fate, and effects of nanoplastics.</p>", 
  "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode", 
  "creator": [
    {
      "affiliation": "IMDEA-Water Institute", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4714-1997", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Marco Vighi"
    }, 
    {
      "affiliation": "Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Cartagena", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6975-4316", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Javier Bayo"
    }, 
    {
      "affiliation": "Departamento de Biolog\u00eda, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7444-7601", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Francisca Fern\u00e1ndez-Pi\u00f1as"
    }, 
    {
      "affiliation": "Instituto Espa\u00f1ol de Oceanograf\u00eda", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0188-9844", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Jes\u00fas Gago"
    }, 
    {
      "affiliation": "EOMAR: Marine Ecophysiology Group. IU-ECOAQUA. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7396-6493", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "May G\u00f3mez"
    }, 
    {
      "affiliation": "Departamento de Qu\u00edmica, Unidad Departamental de Qu\u00edmica Anal\u00edtica, Universidad de La Laguna", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8895-5554", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Javier Hern\u00e1ndez-Borges"
    }, 
    {
      "affiliation": "EOMAR: Marine Ecophysiology Group. IU-ECOAQUA. Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5538-6161", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Alicia Herrera"
    }, 
    {
      "affiliation": "IMDEA-Water Institute", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8546-4127", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Junkal Landaburu"
    }, 
    {
      "affiliation": "Instituto Universitario de Medio Ambiente (IUMA), Centro de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas Avanzadas, Universidade da Coru\u00f1a", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5946-3366", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Soledad Muniategui-Lorenzo"
    }, 
    {
      "affiliation": "Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Animal, Universidad de M\u00e1laga", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0253-7632", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Antonio-Rom\u00e1n Mu\u00f1oz"
    }, 
    {
      "affiliation": "IMDEA-Water Institute", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1820-4218", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Andreu Rico"
    }, 
    {
      "affiliation": "Institut de Ci\u00e8ncies del Mar-CSIC", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4888-1340", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Cristina Romera-Castillo"
    }, 
    {
      "affiliation": "Instituto Espa\u00f1ol de Oceanograf\u00eda", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3816-5359", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Luc\u00eda Vi\u00f1as"
    }, 
    {
      "affiliation": "University of Alcal\u00e1", 
      "@id": "https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0816-8775", 
      "@type": "Person", 
      "name": "Roberto Rosal"
    }
  ], 
  "headline": "Micro and nanoplastics in the environment: Research priorities for the near future", 
  "image": "https://zenodo.org/static/img/logos/zenodo-gradient-round.svg", 
  "datePublished": "2021-05-17", 
  "url": "https://zenodo.org/record/4767185", 
  "keywords": [
    "Microplastics", 
    "Nanoplastics", 
    "Standardization", 
    "Internalization", 
    "Environmental risk", 
    "Additives", 
    "Microbial colonization"
  ], 
  "@context": "https://schema.org/", 
  "identifier": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4767185", 
  "@id": "https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4767185", 
  "@type": "ScholarlyArticle", 
  "name": "Micro and nanoplastics in the environment: Research priorities for the near future"
}